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否定句式在漢譯英中的常見錯誤及分析(2)

發(fā)布時間:2016-03-14       瀏覽次數(shù):1952       文章來源:

4、這臺車床不能再用了,那臺也一樣。 誤:This lathe can not be used any longer, and that one can't, too. 正:This lathe can not be used any longer, and that one cna't either. 或:……………………………………………………, neither (nor) can that one. 否定句中的“也”不能譯成too,而須用either,或用neither(nor)的倒裝句型。 5、你不必為你的軍銜和薪金擔心。 誤:You won't have to worry about rank and pay. 正:You won't have to worry about rank or pay. 在肯定句中用and來連接兩個并列成分,表示“和”,但在否定句中and應改為or, 這時否定詞對or的前后部分同時加以否定。 6、這些規(guī)章制度多不完善! 誤:How not perfect the rules and regulations are! 正:How imperfect the rules and regulations are! 漢語中的感嘆句可用否定式,如:多不光彩呀!多不容易呀!而英語中的感嘆句不能用否定式,我們可用反義詞或帶有否定詞綴的詞來表示。 7、我認為這不值得一試。 誤:I think this is not worth trying. 正:I don't think this is worth trying. 英語中表臆想、猜測的動詞think, believe, fancy, expect, guess, imagine, suppose等,如果帶有否定的賓語從句,賓語從句中的否定詞通常提前,用來否定主句的謂語動詞。尤其是think, 按習慣用法,否定詞只能置于think前。 8、他來這兒不是為了求得我們的幫助。 誤:He came here not to ask us for help. 正:He did not come here to ask us for help. 否定狀語時,英語中的否定詞一般不直接置于被否定詞語前,通常置于謂語動詞前。只有當兩個部分加以對比時,即“不是……而是”時,否定詞才可直接置于狀語前。如:他來這兒不是為了求得我們的幫助,而是來給我們提供一些信息。He came here not to ask us for help, but to give us some information. 即使在這一結構中,英語還是常把否定詞置于謂語動詞前。 9、他的設計肯定還沒完成。 誤:He mustn't have completed his design. 正:He can't have completed his design. 對比較有把握的推測,肯定句中用must,而否定句中用can't,對過去的推測,在must和can't后接完成形式。
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